Slicing

Question

Ok my question is in negative indexing are there exclusive and inclusive index there?
Also are spaces and punctuation marks counted?

Answer 1

1. Tag the relevant programming language. It depends on the programming language how indexable collections are sliced.

2a. Write a code example to test hypotheses on slicing.

2b. Consult the documentation.

Answer 2

All kinds of characters are counted.
In a string "Hello!", the indexing will be:

0 1 2 3 4 5
H e l l o !

On the other hand, negative indexing will be:

-6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1
H e l l o !

Some examples:
a = "Hello!"
print(a[1:3]) # "el"
print(a[-5:-2]) # "ell"

Basically, the index before colon (:) is inclusive and after it is exclusive. Just remember to count from left to right.

Answer 3

Ok thank you all for your help

Answer 4

Negative indexing in Python
Negative indexes just count from the end.
Example: s[-1] = last character, s[-2] = second-to-last, etc.
When you slice (s[a:b]), the start index is inclusive, the end index is exclusive, this rule is the same whether indexes are positive or negative.

s = "Python"
print(s[-4:-1]) # "tho" (includes -4, excludes -1)

Spaces and punctuation
Yes, spaces (" ") and punctuation (! , . ?) are counted as characters.
Example: "Hi, you!"[3] → ","

So negative indexing follows the inclusive start, exclusive end rule, and every single character (letters, numbers, spaces, punctuation) is counted in indexing.